材料的电、光和磁特性

你将学到什么

课程概况

This course from MIT’s Department of Materials Science and Engineering introduces the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, solid state physics, and electricity and magnetism. We use these principles to describe the origins of the electronic, optical, and magnetic properties of materials, and we discuss how these properties can be engineered to suit particular applications, including diodes, optical fibers, LEDs, and solar cells.

In this course, you will find out how the speed of sound is connected to the electronic band gap, what the difference is between a metal and a semiconductor, and how many magnetic domains fit in a nanoparticle. You will explore a wide range of topics in the domains of materials engineering, quantum mechanics, solid state physics that are essential for any engineer or scientist who wants to gain a fuller understanding of the principles underlying modern electronics.

课程大纲

Part 1: Lattice Vibrations

Hamiltonian Mechanics
Vibrations in Crystals–Phonons
Elastic Bandgap

Part 2: Quantum Mechanics

Schrödinger’s Equation
1-Dimensional Problems
Measurements—The Ehrenfest Theorem
Three Dimensions—Hydrogen Atom

Part 3: Electronic Band Structures

Periodic Potential
Central Equation
Understanding Band Diagrams
Engineering conductivity in Semiconductors 

Part 4: Solid-State Devices

PN Junctions
Solar Cells
LEDs

Part 5: Optical Properties

Wave Equation
E/M Waves at Interfaces
Photonic Crystals 

Part 6: Introduction to Magnetism

Classification of Magnets
Hysteresis in Ferromagnetic Materials
Magnetic Domains

预备知识

Differential and Integral Calculus University-level Electricity & Magnetism Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering, or a knowledge structure and bonding in solid state materials